A professor of Education is interested in the relationship between students€™ visits to office hours held by professors and their final grades in the course. She has obtained voluminous data from Hardknocks University regarding these two variables. These data are cross-tabulated below.

She hypothesizes that the more visits made by a student to office hours, the higher the likely grade. Calculate the chi-square statistics for this table. Are the two variables related? To what extent? Explain your answer.

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Visits During Office Houses None 527 512 480 One or Two 540 526 509 Three or More 438 465 511 Grade C or worse