A random sample of 50 college first-year students (out of a total of 1000 first-years) was obtained from college records using systematic sampling. Half of those students had a campus tour with a sophomore student, and half had a tour with an instructor. The tour guide was determined randomly by coin flip for each student. Suppose that those with the student guide rated their experience higher than those with the instructor guide.
a. Can you generalize to other first-year students at this college? Explain.
b. Can you infer causality from this study? Explain.