According to the Audit Bureau of Circulations, the top 25 city newspapers in the United States ranked according to circulation are:

Rank .......Newspaper

1 .......New York Times (NY)

2 .......Los Angeles Times (CA)

3 .......San Jose Mercury News (CA)

4 .......Washington Post (DC)

5 .......New York Daily News (NY)

6 .......New York Post (NY)

7 .......Chicago Tribune (IL)

8 .......Chicago Sun-Times (IL)

9 .......Dallas Morning News (TX)

10 .......Houston Chronicle (TX)

11 .......Philadelphia Inquirer (PA)

12 .......Arizona Republic (AZ)

13 .......Denver Post (CO)

14 .......Long Island Newsday (NY)

15 .......Minneapolis Star Tribune (MN)

16 .......Tampa Bay Times (FL)

17 .......Oregonian (OR)

18 .......Cleveland Plain Dealer (OH)

19 .......Seattle Times (WA)

20 .......Detroit Free Press (MI)

21 .......San Francisco Chronicle (CA)

22 .......Newark Star-Ledger (NJ)

23 .......Boston Globe (MA)

24 .......San Diego Union-Tribune (CA)

25 .......Sacramento Bee (CA)

Suppose a researcher wants to sample a portion of these newspapers and compare the sizes of the business sections of the Sunday papers. She randomly samples eight of these newspapers.

a. What is the probability that the sample contains exactly one newspaper located in New York State?

b. What is the probability that half of the sampled newspapers are ranked in the top 10 by circulation?

c. What is the probability that none of the newspapers is located in California?

d. What is the probability that exactly three of the newspapers are located in states that begin with the letter M?