Figure 9.31 shows a concrete dam. Consider Case 1 without the sheet pile, and Case 2 with

Question:

Figure 9.31 shows a concrete dam. Consider Case 1 without the sheet pile, and
Case 2 with the sheet pile along the upstream side.
a. Draw flow nets for both cases.
b. Determine the value of q/k for both cases. (q = m3/s/m; k = m/s.)
c. Determine the factor of safety (FS) against heaving using Eqs. (9.23), (9.24), and (9.24a), for Cases 1 and 2. Comment on any differences in the magnitude of FS.
d. Estimate the seepage force (kN/m3) at point A in the direction of seepage for Cases 1 and 2. Comment on any difference in the magnitude of the seepage force.