Following is the stockholders€™ equity information for a major restaurant corporation for 2007 through 2009. Except for the market price, which is presented in actual dollars, all information about amounts is shown in millions.

Required:
(a) Calculate the following ratios for 2007, 2008, and 2009.
(1) Book value per share
(2) Dividend yield
(3) Return on equity (2008 and 2009 only)
(b) Comment on the changes from year to year.

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Stockholders Common Stock Retained Earnings Treasury Stock Additional Information Net Income Common stock dividends Common shares outstanding 2008 $ 8,970 9,234 S 9,795 12,739 12,256 10,994 2009 2007 729 605 601 $1,220 1,380 S 1,830 484 457 2,071 at the fiscal year-end Market price of stock at at fiscal year end 2,068 2,070 $27.95 S29.85 $32.20