For each of the following transactions or economic events, prepare the journal entry that would be required. Assume the year end in each case is December 31:

a. On April 2, 2017, Barthel Inc. issued 200,000 common shares for $4,500,000.

b. On May 17, 2017, Cayley Corp. announced a three-for-one stock split. On the day before the split, Cayley had 1 million shares outstanding, $2.5 million in the common shares account, and $8 million in retained earnings.

c. On December 9, 2017, Duro Ltd. declared a $0.25 per share cash dividend. The dividend was paid on February 11, 2018. Duro Ltd. had 1,000,000 shares outstanding on December 9, 2017.

d. On August 17, 2017, Gullies Inc. issued 300,000 common shares with a par value of $0.01 for $6,000,000.

e. On April 21, 2017, Quimper Corp. declared and distributed a 5 percent common stock dividend. On April 20, 2017 (just before the dividend was declared), Quimper had 25,000,000 common shares outstanding and the market price per share was $2.75. The balance in the common shares account on April 20, 2017 was $20,000,000.

f. On December 4, 2017, Yarrow Ltd. declared a property dividend of some of the company's products. Each shareholder received an identical case of products that was taken directly from inventory. The carrying amount of the inventory on 

December 4, 2017 was $1,200,000 and its market value, based on the most recent selling price to customers, was $2,100,000. The dividend was distributed to the shareholders on December 21, 2017.