In 2005, using $2.5 million in community property, Quinn creates a trust, life estate to his wife, Eve, and remainder to their children. Quinn dies in 2011 when the trust is worth $3.6 million, and Eve dies in 2015 when the trust is worth $5.6 million.

a. Did Quinn make a gift in 2005? Explain.

b. How much, if any, of the trust is included in Quinn's gross estate in 2011?

c. How much, if any, of the trust is included in Eve's gross estate in 2015?

d. Would any of the above answers change if Quinn had used his separate property (rather than community property) when he created the trust? Explain.