In addition to using numerical prefixes in the general names of sugars to indicate how many carbon atoms are present, we sometimes use the prefixes keto-and aldo-to indicate whether the sugar is a ketone or an aldehyde. For example, the monosaccharide fructose is often called a ke- tohexose to emphasize that it contains six carbons as well as the ketone functional group. For each of the monosaccharides shown in Table, classify the sugars as aldo- hexoses, aldopentoses, ketohexoses, or ketopentoses.

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Pentoses D-Ribose D-Arabinose D-Ribulose CHO CHO CH OH HCOH HO-C-H н-с-он н-с-он H-C-OH H2OH H-C-OH H-C-OH H2OH H-C-OH Hexoses D-Fructose D-Glucose CHO Н-С-ОН D-Mannose CHO но-с-н HO-C-H D-Galactose CHO СНОН - H-C-OH C = O но-с-н но-с-н HO-C-H H-C-OH H-C-OH H-C-OH CH2OH HO-C-H H-C-OH CH2OH CH2OH CH2OH