In experiments in which atomic nuclei collide, head-on collisions like that described in Problem 23.82 do happen,

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In experiments in which atomic nuclei collide, head-on collisions like that described in Problem 23.82 do happen, but “near misses” are more common. Suppose the alpha particle in Problem 23.82 was not ”aimed” at the center of the lead nucleus, but had an initial nonzero angular momentum (with respect to the stationary lead nucleus) of magnitude L = P0b, where P0 is the magnitude of the initial momentum of the alpha particle and b = 1.00 X 10-12 m. What is the distance of closest approach? Repeat for b = 1.00 X 10-13 m and b = 1.00 X 10-14 m.
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