In many colleges and universities around the country, educators are changing their approach to instruction from a “teacher/lecture-centered model” to a “student-centered model” where students learn in a laboratory environment in which students can proceed at a pace suitable to their learning needs and lecture is de-emphasized. In one school where this model was being introduced, of the 743 students who enrolled in the traditional lecture model, 364 passed; of the 567 in the student-centered model, 335 passed.

(a) What is the response variable in this study? What is the explanatory variable?

(b) Does the evidence suggest that the student-centered model results in a higher pass rate than the traditional model? Use the α = 0.05 level of significance.