Indicate whether each of the following statements is true or false by writing T or F in the answer column.
1. The federal Constitution has been amended more than 100 times. 1. __________
2. Both federal and state courts have the power to determine whether laws enacted by legislatures or decisions made by lower courts violate the provisions of the Constitution. 2. __________
3. The doctrine of preemption applies only in instances where the law in question pertains to a power that the Constitution has expressly or implicitly granted to Congress. 3. __________
4. The First Amendment’s right to freedom of religion is divided into two interconnected pieces, referred to as the enterprise clause and the free exercise clause. 4. __________
5. The Supreme Court has ruled that the term “to bear arms” applies only to the military use of arms. 5. __________
6. The Supreme Court has ruled that a Fourth Amendment search occurs only when a person expects privacy in the thing searched, and society believes that expectation is reasonable. 6. __________
7. The Fifth Amendment does not allow a court to try a criminal defendant more than once for the same offense unless the first trial has ended in an acquittal. 7. __________
8. The Eighth Amendment mandates that people accused or convicted of crimes are not to be subject to excessive bail. 8. __________
9. While it is impermissible for the federal government to deny an individual due process under the Fifth Amendment, it is not unconstitutional for a state to deny an individual due process. 9. __________
10. The Sixteenth Amendment granted the federal government power to impose and collect a tax on individuals’ incomes. 10. __________