Part 1: The mole provides a convenient package where we can make a connection between the mass of a substance and the number (count) of that substance. This is a familiar concept if you have ever bought nails at a hardware store, where you purchase nails by mass rather than count. Typically, there is a scale provided for weighing the nails. For example, a notice placed above the nail bin might read, “For the nails in the bin below, there are 500 nails per kg.” Using this conversion factor, perform the following calculations.
a. How many nails would you have if you had 0.2 kg?
b. If you had 10 dozen nails, what would be their mass?
c. What is the mass of one nail?
d. What is the mass of 2.0 moles of nails?
Part 2: The periodic table provides information about each element that serves somewhat the same purpose as the label on the nail bin described in Part 1, only in this case, the mass (molar mass) of each element is the number of grams of the element that contain 6.02 × 1023 atoms or molecules of the element. As you are aware, the quantity 6.02  1023 is called the mole.
a. If you had 0.2 kg of helium, how many helium atoms would you have?
b. If you had 10 dozen helium atoms, what would be their mass?
c. What is the mass of one helium atom?
d. What is the mass of 2.0 moles of helium atoms?
Part 3: Say there is a newly defined “package” called the binkle. One binkle is defined as being exactly 3 × 1012.
a. If you had 1.0 kg of nails and 1.0 kg of helium atoms, would you expect them to have the same number of binkles? Using complete sentences, explain your answer.
b. If you had 3.5 binkles of nails and 3.5 binkles of helium atoms, which quantity would have more (count) and which would have more mass? Using complete sentences, explain your answers.
c. Which would contain more atoms, 3.5 g of helium or 3.5 g of lithium? Using complete sentences, explain your answer.