Pyke et al. (2001) describe a study that deals with the floristic composition of lowland tropical forest in the watershed of the Panama Canal. The following variables were measured on 45 plots in five regions: Stems€” number of tree stems; Species€” number of tree species; Fisher€™s alpha and Shannon index (H), which are measures of biodiversity of the foliage; To-pography€” l = level terrain, 2 = sloping, 3 = irregular; Age€” 1 = secondary forest, 2 = mature secondary, 3 = old growth, primary forest; Ppt = annual precipitation (mm); PptDry = dry season precipitation (mm).

a. Is there significant evidence of a difference among the three age classifications of the forests relative to their biodiversity as measured by Fisher€™s alpha. Use annual precipitation to adjust for differences in the five regions.
b. Provide a grouping of the three age classifications based on their adjusted mean Fisher€™s alpha.
c. Using residual plots, evaluate whether the conditions needed to properly answer parts (a) and (b) are valid for this data set.

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