Recessions are an economic phenomenon that are often dened as two consecutive quarters of reduced national output.

Recessions are an economic phenomenon that are often defined as two consecutive quarters of reduced national output. One measure to assess the severity of a recession is the rate of unemployment. The table shows the number of employed and unemployed residents of the United States at the peak of each recession (in thousands).

(a) Determine the unemployment rate for each recession. Which recession appears worse as measured by unemployment rate?
The data in the table above do not account for level of education. The following data show the unemployment rate by level of education for each recession.

(b) Determine the unemployment rate for each level of education for both recessions.
(c) Draw a bar graph of the conditional distribution from part (b).
(d) Write a report that suggests the recession of 2009 is worse than that of 1982.11.

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Recession of 1982 Employed Unemployed Recession of 2009 130.1 14.5 98.9 11.3 Recession of 1982 Recession of 2009 Less than high school 20.3 3.9 High school Bachelor's degree Less than High school Bachelor's degree or higher 20.4 0.8 high school 10.0 2.0 or higher Employed Unemployed 58.2 76.7 10.3 43.4 6.6 2.2