Use the approach given in Example 20.11 to determine the length of tubes necessary to vaporize an organic liquid (acetic acid at 1 bar) flowing inside a set of vertical ¾-in, BWG 16 tubes using condensing steam on the outside of the tubes to provide the energy for vaporization. The major resistance to heat transfer is expected to be on the inside of the tubes, and the wall temperature, as a first approximation, may be assumed to be at the temperature of the condensing steam, which for this case is 125°C. It may be assumed that the value of the vapor quality, x, varies from 0.05 to 0.95 in the tube. The physical parameters for acetic acid are

Example 20.11

Draw the T-Q diagram for the following cases:

Condensing (pure) vapor using cooling water

Distillation reboiler using condensing steam as the heating media

Process liquid stream cooled by a another process stream

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Pv= 1.893kg/m³, Tsat Cp,v ³, P₁ = 939.7kg/m³, µ₂ = 11.32 × 10-6kg/m/s, μ = 390.1 × 10-6kg/m/s, 117.6°C, P = 57.9bar, M = 60, k₁ = 0.1423W/m/K, λ = 405kJ/kg, Cp,l = 2.434kJ/kg/K, = 1.319 kJ/kg/K, A = 0.04kg/s/tube =