Before the structures of octahedral complexes were established, various means were used to explain the fact that d-metal ions could bind to a greater number of ligands than expected on the basis of their charges. For example, Co³⁺ can bind to six ligands, not just three. An early theory attempted to explain this behavior by postulating that once three ligands had attached to a metal ion of charge +3, the others bonded to the attached ligands, forming chains of ligands. Thus, the compound [Co(NH₃)₆]Cl₃, which we now know to have an octahedral structure, would have been described as Co(NH₃ONH₃OCl)₃. Show how the chain theory is not consistent with at least two properties of coordination compounds.