Chlorine gas (Cl₂) is used as a disinfectant in municipal water supplies, although chlorine dioxide (ClO₂) and ozone are becoming more widely used. ClO₂ is a better choice than Cl₂ in this application because it leads to fewer chlorinated by-products, which are themselves pollutants.
(a) How many valence electrons are in ClO₂?
(b) The chlorite ion, ClO₂⁻, is obtained by reducing ClO₂. Draw a possible electron dot structure for ClO₂⁻. (Cl is the central atom.)
(c) What is the hybridization of the central Cl atom in ClO₂⁻? What is the shape of the ion?
(d) Which species has the larger bond angle, O₃ or ClO₂⁻? Explain briefly.
(e) Chlorine dioxide, ClO₂, a yellow-green gas, can be made by the reaction of chlorine with sodium chlorite:

Assume you react 15.6 g of NaClO₂ with chlorine gas, which has a pressure of 1050 mm Hg in a1.45-L flask at 22°C. What mass of ClO₂ can be produced?

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2 NaClO₂ (s) + Cl₂(g) → 2 NaCl(s) + 2 ClO₂(g)