The table below gives experimentally determined values for freezing points of 1.00% solutions (mass %) of a series of acids.
(a) Calculate the molality of each solution, determine the calculated freezing points, and then calculate the values of the van’t Hoff factor i. Fill these values into the table.

(b) Analyze the results, comparing the values of i for the various acids. How do these data relate to acid strengths?

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Acid (1.00 mass %) HNO3 CH3CO₂H H₂SO4 H₂C₂04 HCO₂H CCI,CO₂H Molality (mol/kg H₂O) Tmeasured (°C) -0.56 -0.32 -0.42 -0.30 -0.42 -0.21 calculated (°C) i