Determine the shape of the following molecules using VSEPR theory.

(a) SF₄, 

(b) BrF₅

Strategy As always, we start by drawing the Lewis structures. Then count the number of electron pairs around the central atom and determine the spatial arrangement of electron pairs, consulting Table 7.3 as necessary. Place the lone pairs in positions where the electron repulsions are minimized and describe the resulting geometric arrangement of the atoms.

Table 7.3

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Each of the geometrical arrangements shown in the table minimizes the electron pair repulsions for the indicated number of electron pairs. To visualize the shapes of molecules, it is essential that you have a sound mental picture of each of these geometries. Number of Electron Pairs 2 m t 5 6 Geometric Name Linear Trigonal planar Tetrahedral Bond Angles Octahedral 180° 120° 109.5° Trigonal bipyramidal 120°, 90° 90⁰, 180° Diagram 180° 90° 2: Linear 3: Trigonal planar 120⁰ 4: Tetrahedral 90% 109.5⁰ 5: Trigonal bipyramidal 6: Octahedral 120° -90°