Campbell Soup Company incurs the following costs:
a. Purchase of tomatoes by a canning plant for Campbell’s tomato soup products
b. Materials purchased for redesigning Pepperidge Farm biscuit containers to keep biscuits fresh
c. Payment to Backer, Spielvogel, & Bates, the advertising agency, for advertising work on the Healthy Request line of soup products
d. Salaries of food technologists researching a Prego pizza sauce that has minimal calories
e. Payment to Safeway for redeeming coupons on Campbell’s food products
f. Cost of a toll-free telephone line for customer inquiries about Campbell’s soup products
g. Cost of gloves used by line operators on the Swanson Fiesta breakfast-food production line
h. Cost of handheld computers used by Pepperidge Farm delivery staff serving major supermarket accounts
Classify each cost item (a–h) as one of the business functions in the value chain in Exhibit 1-2

Data from Exhibit 1-2:

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EXHIBIT 1-2 Research and Development Different Parts of the Value Chain Design of Products and Processes Administration Production Marketing Distribution Customer Service