Consider a table such as Exhibit 4 in which the family income of parents is grouped by quintiles down the first column, and that of their offspring is grouped by quintiles across the other columns. If there were no intergenerational mobility in this country, what pattern of numbers would appear in the table? If the nation had attained complete equality of opportunity, what pattern of numbers would emerge? Explain. 

Data in Exhibit 4.

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EXHIBIT 4 Employment and the Minimum Wage If the market wage of a group of employees is $7 per hour, a $12 per-hour minimum wage will increase the earnings of workers able to retain their jobs, but reduce the employment opportunities of others as the number of jobs avail- able shrinks from E, to E₁. Wage rate $12 A Excess supply E₁ E Employment B S D . Minimum wage level