Cosmic rays are mainly protons. Their energy spectrum decreases with increasing energy. Their interactions with the atmospheric

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Cosmic rays are mainly protons. Their energy spectrum decreases with increasing energy. Their interactions with the atmospheric nuclei produce mesons, which give rise, by decaying, to vμ and ve. In a sample of Nv =106 vμs with 1 GeV energy, how many interact in crossing the Earth along its diameter? [Note: σ 7 fb, ρ≈ 5 x103 kg m-3, R≈ 6000 km.]

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