Refer to Exercise 12.48. For students below postsecondary, solve the following problems.

a. Determine the conditional distribution of level for each gender.

b. Determine the marginal distribution of level.

c. Are the variables “gender” and “level” associated? Explain your answer.

d. Find the percentage of students in nursery school.

e. Find the percentage of females in nursery school.

f. Without doing any further calculations, respond true or false to the following statement and explain your answer: “The conditional distributions of gender within levels are not identical.”

g. Determine and interpret the marginal distribution of gender and the conditional distributions of gender within levels.

Exercise 12.48

The Current Population Survey from the U.S. Census Bureau provides data on school enrollment. The following contingency table shows school enrollment below postsecondary, in thousands, by level and gender.

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Level Nursery Kindergarten Elementary High school Total Gender Male Female Total 2,331 2,377 1,997 16,504 15,734 8,393 29,363 4,708 16,446