One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) ANOVA can help you make important decisions about the allocation of resources. For instance, suppose you work for a large manufacturing company and part of your responsibility is to determine the distribution of the company's sales throughout the world and decide where to focus the company's efforts. Because wrong decisions will cost your company money, you want to make sure that you make the right decisions.

Preconceived Notions There are several ways that the tests presented in this chapter can be abused. For instance, it is easy to allow preconceived notions to affect the results of a chi-square goodness-of-fit test and a chi-square independence test. When testing to see whether a distribution has changed, do not let the existing distribution "cloud" the study results. Similarly, when determining whether two variables are independent, do not let your intuition "get in the way." As with any hypothesis test, you must properly gather appropriate data and perform the corresponding test before you can reach a logical conclusion.
Incorrect Interpretation of Rejection of Null Hypothesis It is important to remember that when you reject the null hypothesis of an ANOVA test, you are simply stating that you have enough evidence to determine that at least one of the population means is different from the others. You are not finding them all to be different. One way to further test which of the population means differs from the others is explained

EXERCISES
1. Preconceived Notions ANOVA depends on having independent variables. Describe an abuse that might occur by having dependent variables. Then describe how the abuse could be avoided.
2. Incorrect Interpretation of Rejection of Null Hypothesis Find an example of the use of ANOVA. In that use, describe what would be meant by "rejection of the null hypothesis." How should rejection of the null hypothesis be correctly interpreted?.