The following are all independent situations. Prepare the journal entries for deferred tax on the creation or reversal of any temporary differences. Explain in each case the nature of the temporary difference. Assume an income tax rate of 30%.

1. The entity has an allowance for doubtful debts of \($12\) 000 at the end of the reporting period relating to accounts receivable of \($120\) 000. The prior period balances for these accounts were \($10\) 000 and \($100\) 000 respectively. During the current period, debts worth \($5000\) were written off as uncollectable.

2. The entity sold a tractor at the end of the reporting period for \($20\) 000. The tractor cost \($80\) 000 when purchased 4 years ago, and had a carrying amount of \($20\) 000 when sold. The tax depreciation rate for tractors of this type is 25% p.a.

3. The entity has recognised an rent receivable asset with an opening balance of \($20\) 000 and an closing balance of \($25\) 000 for the current year. During the year, rent of \($200\) 000 was received in cash.

4. At the end of the reporting period, the entity has recognised a liability of \($5000\) in respect of outstanding fines for non-compliance with safety legislation. Such fines are not tax-deductible.