A flat-plate solar collector is used to heat water by having water flow through tubes attached at the back of the thin solar absorber plate. The absorber plate has a surface area of 2 m²with emissivity and absorptivity of 0.9. The surface temperature of the absorber is 35°C, and solar radiation is incident on the absorber at 500 W/m²with a surrounding temperature of 0°C. Convection heat transfer coefficient at the absorber surface is 5 W/m²ˆ™K, while the ambient temperature is 25°C. Net heat rate absorbed by the solar collector heats the water from an inlet temperature (T_in) to an outlet temperature (T_out). If the water flow rate is 5 g/s with a specific heat of 4.2 kJ/kgˆ™K, determine the temperature rise of the water.

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//// dsoiar Absorber plate Water tubes Insulation