Consider the following hypothetical process in which heat flows from a low to a high temperature. For copper, the molar heat capacity at constant pressure is 0.385 J mol^-1 K^-1 . (For simplicity, you may assume that no heat is lost to the surroundings and that the volume changes are negligible.)

(a) Show that the process conserves energy (i.e., show that the heat absorbed by warmer block of metal is equal to the heat released from the colder block).

(b) Calculate ΔS_univ for the process to show that the process is nonspontaneous.

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Cu(s) 0.20 kg 300 K Cu(s) 1.5 kg 400 K constant pressure Cu(s) 0.20 kg 225 K Cu(s) 1.5 kg 410 K