Left -right confusion (LRC) is the term used to describe the difficulty of distinguishing between left and right. In a study related to LRC, researchers Ocklenburg et al. (2011) gave a mental rotation test (MRT) to 91 neurologically healthy men and women. The MRT involved picking two images that were rotated versions of a target figure from a list of fives images. Each correct answer led to one point. Here are the summary statistics on the scores for the men and women. Note that the data within each group is not strongly skewed.

Analyze the data to determine whether men differ from women with respect to the long-run average MRT score. Use a theory-based approach. Be sure to include the appropriate hypotheses as well as numerical evidence in support of your decision with regard to the hypotheses (p-value). Find and interpret a 95% confidence interval. Include comments about causation and generalization. Comment on adherence to validity conditions for use of the theory-based methods.

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Sample size Sample average Sample SD Men 14.10 3.78 41 Women 3.97 9.56 50