Student researchers wanted to see if it there was an association between the time of day and whether or not someone would yawn right aft er seeing another person yawn. To gather their data, they walked around campus at various times of day yawning at people and watched to see if the subjects yawned. The results are shown in the following table.

a. What is the explanatory variable in this study? Is it categorical or quantitative?
b. What is the response variable in this study? Is it categorical or quantitative?
c. Write out the null and alternative hypotheses for this study.
d. What time period did the highest proportion of the subjects yawn?
e. What time period did the lowest proportion of subjects yawn?
f. The table for these results can be found in the file Yawn- Time. Put that table in the Multiple Proportions applet (make sure you click on Use Table). What is the value of the MAD statistic?
g. Do at least 1,000 repetitions and find a p-value.
h. Based on your p-value, do you have strong evidence that there is an association between the time of day and whether or not someone will yawn aft er they see a yawn?

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Time of Day 8-11a 11a-2p 2-5p 5-8p Total Yes 25 29 38 107 Subject 15 18 15 75 14 28 yawned? No 14 Total 39 33 182 66 66 44