The performance report for Smart Pens included the following variances for direct materials: price variance, $10,200 favorable; flexible budget (total) variance, $7,200 favorable. The materials purchased and used were 17,000 lb. For the 5,000 units produced, the standards were 3 lb per unit at $1.50 per pound.

a. What was the actual price paid per pound?

b. What was the efficiency variance?

c. What are some possible reasons the actual pounds of materials used differed from the pounds allowed per the flexible budget of units produced?