You have an arrangement with your broker to request 950 shares of all available IPOs. Suppose that 11% of the time, the IPO is “very successful” and appreciates by 104% on the first day, 82% of the time it is “successful” and appreciates by 10%, and 7% of the time it “fails” and falls by 16%.

a. By what amount does the average IPO appreciate the first day; that is, what is the average IPO underpricing?

b. Suppose you expect to receive 55 shares when the IPO is very successful, 220 shares when it is successful, and 950 shares when it fails. Assume the average IPO price is $11. What is your expected one-day return on your IPO investments?