1. The actions of the participants in the Milgram movie "Obedience to Authority" are disturbing. However, we can assume the participants in the experiment are normal men and women who are not sadists. An explanation for the behavior of the participants in the Milgram experiment is they were put into a situation where the situation drove their actions. From an early age humans are socialized to obey the rules, obey authority figures (parents, teacher, obey the rules, etc.). A good leader understand the power of the situation to shape behaviors. At work and or in our personal lives situational factors (culture, group norms, scrips, role models, etc.) share our behavior. To answer this question comment on the power of the situation to influence behavior. How and why does the situation influence behaviors? You can bring in Social Identity Theory, framing effects etc. The Framing effect is that how data is presented can affect decision making. The most famous example of framing bias is Mark Twain's story of Tom Sawyer whitewashing the fence. By framing the chore in positive terms, he got his friends to pay him for the "privilege" of doing his work. People are sensitive to whether an option is presented as a loss (negative) or a gain (positive). People are generally pick a choice they view as a gain over a choice they view as a loss. An example of the framing effect is in labeling hamburger. People generally prefer 75% lean meat over 25% fat meat, even though they are the same, just framed differently. 

• Part of the reason is purely the fact that it's a higher number, so is therefore superior. In general people prefer gains and try to avoid losses. 
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• 2. The 4 I's of Transformational Leadership are; 
• 1. Intellectual Stimulation
• 2. Individual Consideration 
• 3. Inspirational Motivation 
• 4. Idealized Influence. 
• Refer to the material on the framing effect. How can a Transformational Leader use Framing to effect to effect Intellectual Stimulation or Inspirational Motivation? 
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• 3. Sports team coaches sometimes use this approach to motivate athletes. For example, a coach telling athletes before a , "Don't be losers", versus "Be a winners" is an example of framing. Additionally, according to Social Identity theory people have three psychological processes in group identity: social categorization, social comparison, and social identification. Using framing and the Social Identity Theory process of Social Comparisons, explain how and why a coach framing a sports match as "Don't be losers" is potentially more effective than framing the sports match as a win.

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1 Power and Impact of the Situation on Influencing Individual Behavior Individual Behavior How people behave and act in different situations is subjective Personal behavior may be influenced by extern... View the full answer