2. The dynamic range of human hearing is approximately 100 decibels. Assume that the smallest difference...
Fantastic news! We've Found the answer you've been seeking!
Question:
Transcribed Image Text:
2. The dynamic range of human hearing is approximately 100 decibels. Assume that the smallest difference in sound levels that humans can effectively discern is a sound pressure of about 20 μPa (micropascals). (a) Assuming a dynamic range of 100 decibels, what is the sound pressure of the loudest sound that humans can effectively discriminate? (b) Assume a perfect microphone with a range that matches the human hearing range. What is the minimum number of bits that an ADC should have to match the dynamic range of human hearing? 3. The following questions are about how to determine the function f: (L, H) → {0,..., 2B - 1}, for an accelerometer, which given a proper acceleration a yields a digital number f(x). We will assume that has units of "g's," where lg is the acceleration of gravity, approximately g = 9.8meters/second². (a) Let the bias b = {0,...,2B - 1} be the output of the ADC when the ac- celerometer measures no proper acceleration. How can you measure b? (b) Let a € (0,..., 2B-1} be the difference in output of the ADC when the ac- celerometer measures Og and 1g of acceleration. This is the ADC conversion of the sensitivity of the accelerometer. How can you measure a? (c) Suppose you have measurements of a and b from parts (3b) and (3a). Give an affine function model for the accelerometer, assuming the proper acceleration is a in units of g's. Discuss how accurate this model is. (d) Given a measurement f(x) (under the affine model), find x, the proper accel- eration in g's. (e) The process of determining a and b by measurement is called calibration of the sensor. Discuss why it might be useful to individually calibrate each particular accelerometer, rather than assume fixed calibration parameters a and b for a collection of accelerometers. e & Seshia, Introduction to Embedded Systems KERCISES 207 (f) Suppose you have an ideal 8-bit digital accelerometer that produces the value f(x) = 128 when the proper acceleration is Og, value f(x) = 1 when the proper acceleration is 3g to the right, and value f(x) = 255 when the proper acceleration is 3g to the left. Find the sensitivity a and bias b. What is the dynamic range (in decibels) of this accelerometer? Assume the accelerometer never yields f(x) = 0. 2. The dynamic range of human hearing is approximately 100 decibels. Assume that the smallest difference in sound levels that humans can effectively discern is a sound pressure of about 20 μPa (micropascals). (a) Assuming a dynamic range of 100 decibels, what is the sound pressure of the loudest sound that humans can effectively discriminate? (b) Assume a perfect microphone with a range that matches the human hearing range. What is the minimum number of bits that an ADC should have to match the dynamic range of human hearing? 3. The following questions are about how to determine the function f: (L, H) → {0,..., 2B - 1}, for an accelerometer, which given a proper acceleration a yields a digital number f(x). We will assume that has units of "g's," where lg is the acceleration of gravity, approximately g = 9.8meters/second². (a) Let the bias b = {0,...,2B - 1} be the output of the ADC when the ac- celerometer measures no proper acceleration. How can you measure b? (b) Let a € (0,..., 2B-1} be the difference in output of the ADC when the ac- celerometer measures Og and 1g of acceleration. This is the ADC conversion of the sensitivity of the accelerometer. How can you measure a? (c) Suppose you have measurements of a and b from parts (3b) and (3a). Give an affine function model for the accelerometer, assuming the proper acceleration is a in units of g's. Discuss how accurate this model is. (d) Given a measurement f(x) (under the affine model), find x, the proper accel- eration in g's. (e) The process of determining a and b by measurement is called calibration of the sensor. Discuss why it might be useful to individually calibrate each particular accelerometer, rather than assume fixed calibration parameters a and b for a collection of accelerometers. e & Seshia, Introduction to Embedded Systems KERCISES 207 (f) Suppose you have an ideal 8-bit digital accelerometer that produces the value f(x) = 128 when the proper acceleration is Og, value f(x) = 1 when the proper acceleration is 3g to the right, and value f(x) = 255 when the proper acceleration is 3g to the left. Find the sensitivity a and bias b. What is the dynamic range (in decibels) of this accelerometer? Assume the accelerometer never yields f(x) = 0.
Expert Answer:
Related Book For
Posted Date:
Students also viewed these accounting questions
-
The range of human hearing is roughly from twenty hertz to twenty kilohertz. Based on these limits and a value of 343 m/s for the speed of sound, what are the lengths of the longest and shortest...
-
Let R. A function f : E R is said to be increasing on E if and only if x1, x2 E and x1 < x2 imply f(x1) < f(x2). Suppose that f is increasing and bounded on an open, bounded, nonempty interval (a,...
-
Let f be an odd function and g be an even function and suppose that Use geometric reasoning to calculate each of the following (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) Jo rods f(x) dx g(x) dx f(x)l dx -1 [-g(x)l dx...
-
In the figure below, a square of edge lengths is formed by four spheres of masses, m, M, m3, and m4. What is the x component and the y component of the net gravitational force from them on a central...
-
Grand slam Co. operates the largest sports and entertainment business in the United States. Grand slam recently became one of the largest U.S. nonpublic corporations, was named number two on Best...
-
Calculate DVA in Example 24.6. Assume that default can happen in the middle of each month. The default probability of the bank is 0.001 per month for the two years and the recovery rate in the event...
-
Define and describe density altitude. What effect does density altitude have on aircraft performance?
-
Using the information in E20-13B about Shiloh Acres' defined-benefit pension plan, prepare a 2014 pension worksheet with supplementary schedules of computations. In E20-13B, Shiloh Acres sponsors a...
-
In light of your personal experience, what strategies or approaches do you believe could be effective in creating a workplace environment where employees from diverse cultural backgrounds feel both...
-
On January 1, 2017, Hunter Ltd. entered into an agreement to lease a truck from Situ Ltd. Both Hunter and Situ use IFRS 16. The details of the agreement are as follows: Additional information: 1....
-
From the results of the examination of the PNBP payer, it was found that the payer had underpaid the PNBP by IDR 900,000.00. The PNBP payer agrees to the inspection results and makes payment 1 (one)...
-
Gale's Pet Supplies bought $25,000 inventory on account (on credit). Explain how Gale's Pet Supplies should recognise asset and liability for this event, justifying your answer
-
3) What are the tax consequences if gifted his life insurance policy on 12/31/23: John would like to know the tax consequences and filing requirements if he gifts his life insurance equally to his...
-
You work for Procter and Gamble (P&G). One of the brands you manufacture is Tide Detergent. It sells for $10 per bottle at the grocery store. Chens Enterprises Corp. is P&G's Canadian distributor,...
-
uppose the price of a non-dividend paying stock is $50. There exist European call and put options on the stock with one year to maturity and the strike price $50. The call is worth $4.5 and the put...
-
You have access to a small professional telescope that is able to record the ultraviolet through infrared spectrum of a star in the constellation of Orion. You determine that the wavelength of light...
-
Holton's Nursery has the following amounts listed on their Form 941: (Assume no Section 125 health insurance and that none of the employees had exceeded the Social Security wage base.) 2 Wages, tips,...
-
From 1970 to 1990, Sri Lanka's population grew by approximately 2.2 million persons every five years. The population in 1970 was 12.2 million people.What is the best formula for P, Sri Lanka's...
-
A bus makes a trip according to the position-time graph shown in the illustration. What is the average acceleration (in km/h2) of the bus for the entire 3.5-h period shown in the graph? +20.0 +10.0...
-
An engraver uses a magnifying glass (f = 9.50 cm) to examine some work, as in Figure 26.39b. The image he sees is located 25.0 cm from his eye, which is his near point. In figure 26.39 (a) What is...
-
The drawings show two examples in which a ray of light is refracted at the interface between two liquids. In each example the incident ray is in liquid A and strikes the interface at the same angle...
-
Let \[f(x, y)=\frac{1}{2} \sin (x+y), 0 \leq x, y \leq \frac{\pi}{2}\] be the joint probability density of the random vector \((X, Y)\). (1) Determine the marginal densities. (2) Are \(X\) and \(Y\)...
-
A large population of rats had been fed with individually varying mixtures of wholegrain wheat and puffed wheat to see whether the composition of the food has any influence on the lifetimes of the...
-
The random vector \((X, Y)\) is defined as follows: \(X\) is uniformly distributed in the interval \([0,10]\). On condition \(X=x\), the random variable \(Y\) is uniformly distributed in the interval...
Study smarter with the SolutionInn App