A campus researcher wanted to investigate the factors that affect visitor travel time in a complex, multilevel building on campus. Specifically, he wanted to determine whether different building signs (building maps versus wall signage) affect the total amount of time visitors require to reach their destination and whether that time depends on whether the starting location is inside or outside the building. Three subjects were assigned to each of the combinations of signs and starting locations, and travel time in seconds from beginning to destination was recorded.

                                                              Starting Room

                                                     Interior                  Exterior    

Wall Signs                               141, 119, 238        224, 339, 139

Map                                         85, 94, 126            226, 129, 130

An Excel output of the appropriate analysis is given below:

ANOVA
Source of Variation	SS	df	MS	F	P-value	F crit
Signs	14008.33		14008.33		0.11267	5.317645
Starting Location	12288			2.784395	0.13374	5.317645
Interaction	48		48		0.919506	5.317645
Within	35305.33		4413.167
Total	61649.67	11

a) What is the degrees of freedom for the different building signs (factor A)? Explain how you obtain your answer.

b) What is the within (error) degrees of freedom? Explain how you obtain your answer.

c) What is the mean squares for starting location (factor B)? Explain how you obtain your answer.

d) What is the F test statistic for testing the main effect of types of signs? Explain how you obtain your answer.

e) What is the F test statistic for testing the interaction effect between the types of signs and the starting location? Explain how you obtain your answer.

f) What conclusion can you infer at 10% level of significance? Explain how you obtain your answer.