The data below come from a Dutch study published in 2003. The researchers were interested in...
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The data below come from a Dutch study published in 2003. The researchers were interested in assessing whether onset of asthma in children is related to diet. They classified the children in the study according to how often they had full-cream milk ("daily" or "less often") when they were two years old. We intend to assess whether there is any association between diet and asthma. a) b) c) d) Full cream milk Asthma No Asthma Daily 32 112 Less often Total 144 Select the appropriate pair of null and alternative hypotheses for this study: O Ho There is no association between diet and asthma. HA: There is an association between diet and asthma. O Ho: Diet and asthma are not independent of each other. HA : Diet and asthma are independent of each other. O Ho There is an association between diet and asthma. HA: There is no association between diet and asthma. (ii) O Ho: The probability of drinking milk daily is greater if a child has asthma. HA: The probability of drinking milk daily is the same for children with asthma. 926 1905 2831 O Ho: The probability of asthma is greater for children who drink full-cream milk daily. HA: There is no difference in the probability of getting asthma for the two diets. What are the degrees of freedom for the x² statistic? Calculate the expected cell counts for the: (i) "Asthma/Daily" cell (iv) "No Asthma/Daily" cell (iii) "Asthma/Less" cell Total 958 2017 2975 "No Asthma/Less" cell Calculate the x² statistic. AI AI M MA MA 2 3DP 0.5 2 3DP 2 0.5 3DP 3DP 0.5 2 3DP 0.5 e) f) Find the p-value for the statistic calculated in d). Select the appropriate conclusion to this hypothesis test given the p-value you have calculated in c), using a significance level of 0.05: O The p-value is less than 0.05, so there is evidence of an association between diet and asthma. O The p-value is less than 0.05, so there is evidence that the probability of drinking milk daily is greater if a child has asthma. O There is evidence that the probability of asthma is greater for children who drink full- cream milk daily. O The p-value is less than 0.05, so there is evidence of at least one difference between diet and drinking milk. O The p-value is greater than 0.05, so there no evidence of an association between diet and asthma. Suppose multiple children from some families were included in the study. Which assumption for a valid Chi-squared test would this violate? O Independence of the units under study O Normality of the data O Categorical outcome measure. O Equal variance < Previous question Question 3 (of 4) You have answered 0 of 30 parts Jump to question: 1 2 3DP Next question > 1 The data below come from a Dutch study published in 2003. The researchers were interested in assessing whether onset of asthma in children is related to diet. They classified the children in the study according to how often they had full-cream milk ("daily" or "less often") when they were two years old. We intend to assess whether there is any association between diet and asthma. a) b) c) d) Full cream milk Asthma No Asthma Daily 32 112 Less often Total 144 Select the appropriate pair of null and alternative hypotheses for this study: O Ho There is no association between diet and asthma. HA: There is an association between diet and asthma. O Ho: Diet and asthma are not independent of each other. HA : Diet and asthma are independent of each other. O Ho There is an association between diet and asthma. HA: There is no association between diet and asthma. (ii) O Ho: The probability of drinking milk daily is greater if a child has asthma. HA: The probability of drinking milk daily is the same for children with asthma. 926 1905 2831 O Ho: The probability of asthma is greater for children who drink full-cream milk daily. HA: There is no difference in the probability of getting asthma for the two diets. What are the degrees of freedom for the x² statistic? Calculate the expected cell counts for the: (i) "Asthma/Daily" cell (iv) "No Asthma/Daily" cell (iii) "Asthma/Less" cell Total 958 2017 2975 "No Asthma/Less" cell Calculate the x² statistic. AI AI M MA MA 2 3DP 0.5 2 3DP 2 0.5 3DP 3DP 0.5 2 3DP 0.5 e) f) Find the p-value for the statistic calculated in d). Select the appropriate conclusion to this hypothesis test given the p-value you have calculated in c), using a significance level of 0.05: O The p-value is less than 0.05, so there is evidence of an association between diet and asthma. O The p-value is less than 0.05, so there is evidence that the probability of drinking milk daily is greater if a child has asthma. O There is evidence that the probability of asthma is greater for children who drink full- cream milk daily. O The p-value is less than 0.05, so there is evidence of at least one difference between diet and drinking milk. O The p-value is greater than 0.05, so there no evidence of an association between diet and asthma. Suppose multiple children from some families were included in the study. Which assumption for a valid Chi-squared test would this violate? O Independence of the units under study O Normality of the data O Categorical outcome measure. O Equal variance < Previous question Question 3 (of 4) You have answered 0 of 30 parts Jump to question: 1 2 3DP Next question > 1
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Intermediate Financial Management
ISBN: 978-1285850030
12th edition
Authors: Eugene F. Brigham, Phillip R. Daves
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