explain, The concept of strong reciprocity suggests that citizens will tend to favour welfare state institutions that offer insurance against universally shared unpredictable risks - such as ill health, or structural unemployment - but that they will respond negatively to evidence and allegations of free riding. Programmes that provide means-tested benefits are particularly vulnerable to political attack by governments under fiscal pressure responding to media allegations of free riding. Mainstream social spending on health and education may however command wider public support, and so have been relatively protected from spending reductions.?

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The concept of strong reciprocity is rooted in the idea that individuals are inclined to cooperate and support institutions that provide insurance aga... View the full answer