1. Explain the role of advanced materials like carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRP) and shape memory alloys (SMAs) in enhancing the performance and durability of civil infrastructure, particularly in seismic retrofitting and bridge strengthening applications . 

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Advanced materials such as carbon fiberreinforced polymers CFRP and shape memory alloys SMAs play a significant role in enhancing the performance and durability of civil infrastructure particularly in ... View the full answer