FOLLOW INSTRUCTIONS AND WRITE MORE THAN 1OOO WORDS. D2L INFO (Reference): PROPAGANDA THEORY TranscribedText Module 1, Unit

FOLLOW INSTRUCTIONS AND WRITE MORE THAN 1OOO WORDS. 

D2L INFO (Reference):

PROPAGANDA THEORY

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Module 1, Unit 4: Propaganda Theory In this Unit, we will consider Propaganda Theory quite generally and more specifically how it has been developed to address issues associated with how modern-day news is reported in capitalist-dominated news media systems. At the end of this unit, you will be able to 1. Define Propaganda Theory Unit Objectives 2. Explain the Propaganda Model and its Filters 3. Examine the limitations of Propaganda Theory Warm Up Visit https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KYlyb1Bx9lc Unlike normative conceptions of the news media where journalists act as watchdogs in a democracy, and are adversarial to those with power, Herman and Chomsky are decidedly critical about the news media informing a rational, democratic public debate. Instead, news media act more like a lapdog for corporate interests because their coverage aligns with the interests of established power, making the ideology of the ruling classes seem natural and common sensical. While developed as a study of the U.S. news media, Herman and Chomsky contend the model is applicable to other countries with capitalist-dominated news media systems. What do you think? What evidence is there that the news media is liberal? What evidence is there that the news media is conservative? For a lengthy documentary about Noam Chomsky and his Propaganda Model, watch this National Film Board documentary: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=offdLmBelvQ Bega (2019). Manufacturing consent Noam Chomsky documentary full. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=afSdLmBelv Topic 1: Foundational Principles What is the "propaganda" in Propaganda Theory? In general, propaganda can be defined as the use of communication and communication technologies to shape the audience's beliefs and actions. However, Propaganda Theory has a distinct understanding of "propaganda." Propaganda Theory was born in the early part of the twentieth century, as communication professionals began to use mass communications more strategically to shift public opinion. Informed by lessons learned in World War I, communication professionals adapted the tactics and strategies of propaganda to suit domestic audiences. In turn, social scientists began to empirically measure the impacts of media on public opinion and action. Unlike most modern definitions of propaganda, the term "propaganda" as used by these early theorists is not inherently negative. In fact, propaganda was understood as an important tool to manage and educate the masses in the service of democracy. Surprisingly, in these theories, propaganda was considered something necessary for the proper functioning of democracy. In the age of mass media, Propaganda Theorists believed that controlled messages were necessary to shape public policy and to ward against the irrational, non-critical, and easily uncontrollable tendencies of mass audiences. In modern times, propaganda has taken on a sinister meaning, whereby the messages are biased and misleading. There is a malicious and manipulative intent at the heart of propaganda. Propaganda attempts to shape "significant symbols" (Lasswell. 1927.p.627). It is "a consistent, enduring effort" to shape public attitudes (Bernays. 1928.p.52 in 2005 edition). Laswell (1927) defined propaganda as "the expression of opinions or actions carried out deliberately by individuals or groups with a view to influencing the opinions or actions of other individuals or groups for predetermined Module 1, Unit 4: Propaganda Theory In this Unit, we will consider Propaganda Theory quite generally and more specifically how it has been developed to address issues associated with how modern-day news is reported in capitalist-dominated news media systems. At the end of this unit, you will be able to 1. Define Propaganda Theory Unit Objectives 2. Explain the Propaganda Model and its Filters 3. Examine the limitations of Propaganda Theory Warm Up Visit https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KYlyb1Bx9lc Unlike normative conceptions of the news media where journalists act as watchdogs in a democracy, and are adversarial to those with power, Herman and Chomsky are decidedly critical about the news media informing a rational, democratic public debate. Instead, news media act more like a lapdog for corporate interests because their coverage aligns with the interests of established power, making the ideology of the ruling classes seem natural and common sensical. While developed as a study of the U.S. news media, Herman and Chomsky contend the model is applicable to other countries with capitalist-dominated news media systems. What do you think? What evidence is there that the news media is liberal? What evidence is there that the news media is conservative? For a lengthy documentary about Noam Chomsky and his Propaganda Model, watch this National Film Board documentary: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=offdLmBelvQ Bega (2019). Manufacturing consent Noam Chomsky documentary full. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=afSdLmBelv Topic 1: Foundational Principles What is the "propaganda" in Propaganda Theory? In general, propaganda can be defined as the use of communication and communication technologies to shape the audience's beliefs and actions. However, Propaganda Theory has a distinct understanding of "propaganda." Propaganda Theory was born in the early part of the twentieth century, as communication professionals began to use mass communications more strategically to shift public opinion. Informed by lessons learned in World War I, communication professionals adapted the tactics and strategies of propaganda to suit domestic audiences. In turn, social scientists began to empirically measure the impacts of media on public opinion and action. Unlike most modern definitions of propaganda, the term "propaganda" as used by these early theorists is not inherently negative. In fact, propaganda was understood as an important tool to manage and educate the masses in the service of democracy. Surprisingly, in these theories, propaganda was considered something necessary for the proper functioning of democracy. In the age of mass media, Propaganda Theorists believed that controlled messages were necessary to shape public policy and to ward against the irrational, non-critical, and easily uncontrollable tendencies of mass audiences. In modern times, propaganda has taken on a sinister meaning, whereby the messages are biased and misleading. There is a malicious and manipulative intent at the heart of propaganda. Propaganda attempts to shape "significant symbols" (Lasswell. 1927.p.627). It is "a consistent, enduring effort" to shape public attitudes (Bernays. 1928.p.52 in 2005 edition). Laswell (1927) defined propaganda as "the expression of opinions or actions carried out deliberately by individuals or groups with a view to influencing the opinions or actions of other individuals or groups for predetermined

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