In recent years, professional sports have incorporated the useof instant replay in order to dispute questionable calls
Question:
In recent years, professional sports have incorporated the useof instant replay in order to dispute questionable calls by thereferees. For example, in the National football League a (NFL) ahead coach is allowed to challenge the referees ‘decision twice pergame. In order for the referees to reverse their original decision,the instant replay must exhibit clear evidence to the contrary.
Suppose the referees rule that, a pass was caught in bounds. Thehead coach of the opposing team believes the player stepped out ofbounds before completely catching the ball and the coach challengesthe referees’ decision.
The referees will review all available evidence (video takenfrom different camera angles) and make a decision. If there isevidence beyond a reasonable doubt that their original call wasincorrect, the play will be called an incomplete pass, However, ifthere is no clear evidence to contradict the original call, theplay will remain ruled as a compete pass
Notice the similarity between the decision to change a call andthe decision to reject the null hypothesis in a hypothesis test.The process involves collecting convincing evidence that theoriginal call or the null hypothesis is not true the referee onlyrejects the call if the instant replay exhibits clear evidence tothe contrary. In both cases, not changing the call and notrejecting the null hypothesis doesn’t mean that the original callor the null hypothesis was correct; it means that not enoughevidence was provided to the contrary.
To formulate the process as a hypothesis test, the nullhypothesis is that the player _________, and the alternativehypothesis is that the player _________. The testing procedure thenassumes that the player________, with a goal of determining whetherthere is enough evidence to infer that the player.
After the referees review video of all possible, camera angles,according to the process of a hypothesis test, what two possibledecisions can the referees make? Check all that apply. (Hint:Remember that there are two possible decisions from a hypothesistest: you can either reject the null hypothesis or fail to rejectthe null hypothesis. Rejecting the null hypothesis means, you haveconvincing evidence that the null hypothesis is false and thealternative hypothesis is true Failing to reject the null means youdo not have convincing evidence that the null hypothesis isfalse
___ Conclude that they do not have convincing evidence tosupport the hypothesis that the player caught the ball out ofbounds.
___Conclude that they do not have convincing evidence to supportthe hypothesis that the player caught the ball in bounds
___ Conclude that they have convincing evidence to support thehypothesis that the player caught the ball in bounds
___ Conclude that the player caught the ball in bounds
___ Conclude that they have convincing evidence to support thehypothesis that the player caught the ball out of bounds
A Type I error occurs when you __________ a ________ nullhypothesis. In this case, A Type I error corresponds t the refereesconcluding that they _________ evidence to support the hypothesisthat the player _______when the payer actually___________.
A Type II occurs when you ______a ______ null hypothesis. Inthis case, a Type II error corresponds to the referees concludingthat they ________evidence to support the hypothesis that theplayer ________ when the player actually_____________.
Principles of Information Systems
ISBN: 978-0324665284
9th edition
Authors: Ralph M. Stair, George W. Reynolds