Q5. (a) Three wells, equidistant apart along a straight line, span the entire depth from the land surface to the lower boundary of aquifer 1, which is a confined, homogeneous groundwater aquifer. The walls of the wells are impermeable in aquifer 2, but perforated in aquifer 1. All three wells have a radius rw. The hydraulic conductivity of aquifers 1 and 2 are K1 and K2, respectively; the porosities of aquifers 1 and 2 are φ1 and φ2, respectively.

(i) On Supplementary Sheet 1 or a hand-drawn, draw the expected hydraulic head profile if water is being abstracted out of well A at a constant volumetric flow rate such that the flow in the aquifer 1 remains confined. Indicate with arrows the direction of flow in aquifers 1 and 2 (where known) resulting from the abstraction.

On Supplementary Sheet 1 or a hand-drawn sketch of aquifer 1 in plan view, draw three lines of constant hydraulic head in aquifer 1.

(ii) On Supplementary Sheet 2 or a hand-drawn, draw the expected hydraulic head profile if none of the wells are abstracting water, but there is a constant, uniform, and confined flow of water from left to right within aquifer 1. Indicate with arrows the direction of flow in aquifers 1 and 2 (where known).

On Supplementary Sheet 2 or a hand-drawn sketch of aquifer 1 in plan view, draw four or five lines of constant hydraulic head in aquifer 1.