Question No. 1

Some Japanese firms have a policy of rotating their managers among different managerial jobs. In contrast, American managers are more likely to specialize in a certain area (e.g., finance or operations).

Which do you prefer and why? Present your answer by discussing at least two (2) advantages and at least two (2) disadvantages for each of these approaches.

Question No. 2

Comment on the statement: "At any given instant, the standard times for many jobs will not be strictly correct."

Explain why is this so? Does this mean that those standards are useless?