Questions Start Here: 1a) At what level are these data measured? (Nominal, Ordinal, Ratio). In 1 sentence, please explain the reasoning behind you answer. 1b) For each variable, recode the value so that it is in a numerical format. This requires you to assign numerical values to each possible response (No/Yes) for each of the four variables. You can illustrate your recode in the following manner (see INCOME example below). Be sure to do this for each of the four variables. Be sure to assign values in a consistent manner for each variable. INCOME: No = (a number); Yes = (a number). 1c) Based on the values assigned in 1b, what will the range of the index be? (i.e., the range on

the example on p. 10 is 0-3; the range on p. 17 is 0-9). 1d) Interpret the value of the index. What does a high value indicate (a very livable urban area or a very unlivable urban area)? What does a low value indicate (a very livable urban area or a very unlivable urban area)? ********************************** 2) Overview Identify 3 other variables that you think could be used in an additive index of urban livability (make an educated guess based on your experience - you don't need to know the literature to answer this one!). Questions Start Here: 2a) What do you think makes a city livable? a sentence or two that identifies 3 things that you think make a city livable. 2b) For each of the 3 things you identified in 2a, ceate a variable. 2c) For each variable you crated in 2b, identify a range of possible responses. 2d) At what level are the responses measured? (Nominal, Ordinal, Ratio). In 1 sentence, please explain the reasoning behind you answer. 2e) For each variable, recode the value so that it is in a numerical format. 2f) Based on the values assigned in 2e, what will the range of the index be? 2g) Interpret the value of the index. **********************************

3) For each of the variable described below, indicate the level at which the responses are measured (Nominal, Ordinal, Ratio) 3a) WORKSTAT: 1 = Working Now, 2 = Temporary Lay Off, 3: Unemployed, 4: Retired, 5: Disabled, 6: Student, 7: Homemaker. 3b) NEWS: number of days per week a respondent reads the newspaper. 3c) INCOME: 1 = $0 - $25,000; 2 = $25,001 - $50,000; 3 = $50,001 - $100,000; 4 - $100,001 and over. 3d) NEIGHBORHOOD - neighborhood in which respondent lives. ********************************** 4) Overview Below is a list of variables. For each variable, think of a relationship where that variable could be the independent variable; then think of a different relationship where that variable could be a dependent variable. Please explain your reasoning for each variable. The following example provides an illustration for the variable Fear of Crime: Fear of Crime Independent: As an independent variable fear of crime may be used to explain the amount of time spent in public space. The more you fear crime, the less hours per week you will spend in public space; the less you fear crime, the more hours per week you will spend in public space. This is an inverse relationship; the variables are inversely, or negatively, related. Hours per week spent in public space = Fear of Crime. Dependent: As a dependent variable fear of crime may be explained by the hours of television watched. The more hours per went you spend watching TV, the more you will fear crime. Fewer hours per week spent watching TV is associated with less fear of crime. The variables are positively related.

Fear of Crime = Hours per week spent watching TV.

Questions Start Here: 4a) Years of Education 4b) Number of Children a Person Has 4c) Political Views

4d) Hours Worked per Week

Sample Answer Sheet: 1a) Level of Measurement: Reasoning: 1b) Recode Variable No Yes Income Travel Library Park 1c) Range of Index: Minimum Value to Maximum Value 1d) Interpret the Range from 1c in a few sentences. 2a) Write a few sentences that identify 3 things you think make an urban area livable and lend themselves to coding and quantitative analysis. 2b) For the 3 things you identified in 2a, crete a variable: Variable 1: Variable 2: Variable 3: 2c) For each variable you created in 2b, crate a range of possible responses: Variable Range of Possible Responses Variable 1: high, medium, low Variable 2: high, medium, low Variable 3: high, medium, low 2d) Level of Measurement: Reasoning:

e) Recode Variable High Medium Low Variable 1 Variable 2 Variable 3 2f) Range of Index: Minimum Value to Maximum Value 2g) Interpret the Range from 2f in a few sentences. 3) Variable Level of Measurement 3a) WORKSTAT 3b) NEWS 3c) NEIGHBORHOOD 4a) Education as Independent: Education as Dependent: 4b) # of Children as Independent: # of Children as Dependent: 4c) Political Views as Independent: Political Views as Dependent: 4d) Hours Worked Per Week as Independent: Hours Worked Per Week as Dependent: