Review the following paper and give me your overall feedback. Please mention its positive points as well
Question:
Review the following paper and give me your overall feedback. Please mention its positive points as well as negative points.
Course name: Public International Law
Here is the paper:
" Afghanistan, a country that has endured more than forty years of conflict, a country where the hope of peace has been wrecked. With the departure of American combat forces, conditions in Afghanistan are getting even worse. The Taliban administration, which ruled Afghanistan from 1996 - 2001 is once again in power. The Taliban's comeback to authority in 2021 has caused the international community to reevaluate its position towards the group and its strategies as an Islamist extremist entity. The Taliban's administration style, citizen rights violations, and potential dangers to international and regional peace have all been closely examined since they took control of Kabul in August 2021. In light of their previous rule from 1996 to 2001, the international community keenly monitors their actions and strategies. According to the United Nations, 2023, as a result of these reservations, the international community continues to enforce sanctions on the present Taliban government, claiming factors such as their egregious human rights violations and their affiliation with terrorist networks" (para. 1). Human rights are recognised as important by the United Nations Charter, which emphasises the inherent dignity and equal privileges of all individuals. "Upholding basic freedoms and equality for all is essential for advancing advancement in society, justice, and peace on an international scale," the Charter (09 December 1998) states (UN Human Rights Instruments, para. 1). The Taliban's violations of fundamental freedoms are seen as an immediate threat to the values upheld by the international community. The world's commitment to respecting the UN Charter's values of human rights safeguarding and fostering is underscored by sanctions against the Taliban. In addition, the UN Security Council is mandated by the Charter to take the essential steps to uphold international peace. Regional stability and international peace are seriously threatened by the Taliban's actions and procedures, especially given their affiliations with terrorist groups. The international community has employed sanctions as a remedy to address these problems and preserve peace. The specifics of the Taliban's violations of human rights and its ties to terrorist groups will be covered in this paper, as these have had a substantial impact on the international community's ongoing sanctions on them
First of all, the Taliban have been accused of abusing human rights. Afghanistan's human rights situation is fast deteriorating as a result of the Taliban's constant violations. They have violated human rights in the finest and most serious way possible by mistreating women and enacting policies and practises that are incredibly harsh and chauvinist. This has unquestionably been a major driver of Taliban sanctions. They have violated women's rights to education, employment, and freedom of activity since seizing power in August 2021. They have also destroyed the system of protection and assistance for women escaping domestic abuse, imprisoned them for minor infractions of discriminatory laws, and resulted in an increase of forced, and early marriages in Afghanistan. The Taliban unlawfully imprisoned Zarifa Yaqoobi, Farhat Popalzai, and Humaira Yusuf in November 2022, along with some of their co-workers, for their nonviolent advocacy, according to Afghanistan: UN Human Rights Council. In December 2022, the Taliban forbade women from enrolling in universities and issued a directive to all national and international NGOs ordering them to terminate any employment of women "until further notice." If the prohibition on NGOs is not quickly lifted, millions of women and children would be denied access to emergency assistance, according to the UN and humanitarian aid organisations. (2023, para, 6). According to another source, "Taliban tactics have rapidly turned many women into virtual prisoners in their houses, eliminating the nation of one of its most valuable resources, the skills and talents of the female half of the population."(Afghanistan: Taliban Deprive Women of Livelihoods, Identity, 2022). Furthermore, Afghan men are also exposed to maltreatment under Taliban orders, despite the fact that more than half of the population women are subjected to violations of their basic human rights. The Taliban have suppressed minorities, deprived people of their right to freedom of speech, and denigrated former government employees. According to Afghanistan: UN Human Rights Council, "Recently, people publicly critical of the Taliban's cruel policies have been imprisoned without any justification given, and targeted murders of ethnic Hazara people also continue uncontrolled" (2023, para. 5). The struggle between the Taliban and the National Resistance Front (NRF) is still going on, and there are still attacks against people in Panjshir, such as kidnappings and forced disappearances (Paras. 12, 13).
Second, The Taliban are sanctioned by the international community due to their connection to terrorism and support for extremist organisations. The Taliban continue to have strong contacts with al-Qaeda, said Maizland, L. Analysts are worried that the Taliban would give it a safe harbour and enable it to carry out worldwide terrorist operations from Afghan territory. (19 January 2023, para. 1). "After Afghanistan declined to hand over Osama bin Laden, the architect of the 9/11 attacks, the United States attacked the country. Authorities warn that despite Taliban assurances that "Afghanistan's soil will not be used against the security of any other country," Afghanistan could turn into a refuge for terrorists who are able to commit operations targeting the United States and its allies in the Taliban's authority.” (19 January, 2023, para 9). Maizland. L, continues saying in his article called “The Taliban In Afghanistan, “In its April 2022 report, the UN team that monitors the Taliban said the group “remains close” with al-Qaeda and that “al-Qaeda has a safe haven under the Taliban and increased freedom of action.” Indeed, in August, a U.S. drone strike killed al-Qaeda leader Ayman al-Zawahiri in Kabul. Reports suggested that Zawahiri was living in the home of a Taliban aide, and other al-Qaeda leaders are believed to be based in the country. The UN report said that al-Qaeda is likely using Afghanistan as a “friendly environment” to recruit, train, and fundraise, although it is unlikely to launch an international attack before 2023 at the earliest.” (19 January, 2023, para 11). In his paper titled "The Taliban In Afghanistan," Maizland. L. says further.The UN mission that observes the Taliban stated in its report from April 2022 that the group "stays close" with al-Qaeda and that "al-Qaeda has a safe haven under the Taliban and greater liberty of activity." Indeed, Ayman al-Zawahiri, the commander of al-Qaeda, was assassinated in Kabul in August by a U.S. drone strike. According to reports, Zawahiri resided in the residence of a Taliban ally, and other al-Qaeda authorities are thought to have bases of operations there. Al-Qaeda is probably using Afghanistan as a "friendly location" to hire, educate, and raise money, according to a UN assessment, even if it's improbable that it would carry out a global strike before 2023 at the soonest. ” (Donnell, 2023, para. 6)
In conclusion, severe human rights violations, notably against women and minorities, have occurred since the Taliban retook control in Afghanistan. International sanction of their brutal methods and practises has resulted in the implementation of sanctions. Furthermore, the Taliban's connections to terrorist organisations like al-Qaeda create questions about regional and international security. The sanctions put in place by the international community show how serious everyone is about maintaining human rights and keeping Afghanistan from becoming a refuge for terrorists. To stop the ongoing wrongdoing and advance peace in the area, ongoing surveillance and intervention are required. Otherwise, nor Afghanistan, neither its citizens will be at ease. "