The identification strategy employed by Goldstein and Udry (2008) to examine the impact of ambiguous and...

   

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The identification strategy employed by Goldstein and Udry (2008) to examine the impact of ambiguous and contested land rights on investment and productivity in agriculture in Akwapim, Ghana involves the use of - O a. an individual's social and political position to instrument for fallow duration O b. an individual's social and political position to instrument for land fertility O c. an individual's social and political position to control for rent expropriation O d. an individual's social and political position to control for wealth effects The theoretical model developed by Banerjee, Gertler and Ghatak (2002) shows that the impact of tenancy reform on agricultural productivity can be decomposed into two effects: a bargaining power effect and a security of tenure effect, where the latter effect implies that- O a. the tenant can offer greater collateral to secure his position. O b. the landlord may not be able to use the threat of eviction when output is low to induce the tenant to work harder. C. the outside option of the tenant improves O d. greater security encourages the tenant to neglect the land. The study on the effects of manufacturing growth in Bangladesh by Heath and Mushfiq Mobarak (2015) finds: O a. Younger girls living closer to garment factories are less inclined to be enrolled in school because they are sent to work instead. O b. Girls exposed to the garment sector delay marriage and childbirth. O c. Girls exposed to the garment sector delay marriage but not childbirth. Od. Older girls living closer to garment factories are less inclined to be employed outside the home. The identification strategy employed by Goldstein and Udry (2008) to examine the impact of ambiguous and contested land rights on investment and productivity in agriculture in Akwapim, Ghana involves the use of - O a. an individual's social and political position to instrument for fallow duration O b. an individual's social and political position to instrument for land fertility O c. an individual's social and political position to control for rent expropriation O d. an individual's social and political position to control for wealth effects The theoretical model developed by Banerjee, Gertler and Ghatak (2002) shows that the impact of tenancy reform on agricultural productivity can be decomposed into two effects: a bargaining power effect and a security of tenure effect, where the latter effect implies that- O a. the tenant can offer greater collateral to secure his position. O b. the landlord may not be able to use the threat of eviction when output is low to induce the tenant to work harder. C. the outside option of the tenant improves O d. greater security encourages the tenant to neglect the land. The study on the effects of manufacturing growth in Bangladesh by Heath and Mushfiq Mobarak (2015) finds: O a. Younger girls living closer to garment factories are less inclined to be enrolled in school because they are sent to work instead. O b. Girls exposed to the garment sector delay marriage and childbirth. O c. Girls exposed to the garment sector delay marriage but not childbirth. Od. Older girls living closer to garment factories are less inclined to be employed outside the home.

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