Refer to Exercise 2.141. Assuming all populations are approximately mound-shaped, for parts a–d, determine whether the values 0, 4, and 12 are outliers.

Data from Exercise 2.141

Consider the following three measurements: 0, 4, and 12. Find the z-score for each measurement if they are from a population with a following mean and standard deviation equal to

a. µ = 2 and σ = 1

b. μ = 4 and σ = 2

c. μ = 8 and σ = 2

d. μ = 8 and σ = 8