Admissions officers at universities and colleges face the problem of comparing grades achieved at different high schools.

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Admissions officers at universities and colleges face the problem of comparing grades achieved at different high schools. As a step toward developing a more informed interpretation of such grades, an admissions officer at a large state university conducts the following experiment. The records of 100 students from the same local high school (high school 1) who just completed their first year at the university were selected. Each of these students was paired (according to average grade in the last year of high school) with a student from another local high school (high school 2) who also just completed the first year at the university.

For each matched pair, the average letter grades (4 = A, 3 = B, 2 = C, 1 = D, or 0 = F) in the first year of university study were recorded. Do these results allow us to conclude that, in comparing  two students with the same high-school average (one from high school 1 and the other from high school 2), preference in admissions should be given to the student from high school 1?

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