McEwen Corporation began operations in 2018 with the following capital structure:

1. Common shares, Class A: 8 million authorized and outstanding. The Class A common shares are entitled to 10 votes per share and to receive dividends as declared by the board of directors. Total share capital for the Class A common shares at the end of the year was $16 million.

2. Common shares, Class B: unlimited authorized; 1 million issued and outstanding. Class B shares are entitled to one vote per share. The Class B shares receive dividends as declared by the board of directors equal to Class A shares. Total share capital for the Class B shares at the end of the year of $35 million.

3. Preferred shares: unlimited authorized; 3.4 million issued and outstanding. The cumulative participating preferred shares are non-voting and received a preferential dividend of $0.15 per share per year. Total share capital for the preferred shares as at the end of the year was $17 million.

Required

a. McEwen Corporation did not declare any dividends in 2018 or 2019. What is the amount of dividends in arrears?

b. Assume that McEwen has $10 million available for dividend payments in 2020. What will be the total dividend paid to each of the preferred and Class A and B common shareholders as a class and on a per-share basis?

c. Why might McEwen have the multiple share structure it does?

d. On average, what was the original share price for each class of shareholder?

e. What portion of the total available vote does each class of shareholder have? Prepare a table comparing the voting rights with the capital invested. Comment briefly.