The data in Table 6E.17 were collected form a process manufacturing power supplies. The variable of interest is output voltage, and n = 5.

(a) Compute center lines and control limits suitable for controlling future production.
(b) Assume that the quality characteristic is normally distributed. Estimate the process standard deviation.
(c) What are the apparent three-sigma natural tolerance limits of the process?
(d) What would be your estimate of the process fraction nonconforming if the specifications on the characteristic were 103+ €“ 4?
(e) What approaches to reducing the fraction nonconforming can you suggest?

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TABLE 6E.17 Voltage Data for Exercise 6.40 Sample Sample Numberi R Nunber i R 11 05 4 12 103 2 102 3 105 4 I5 104 5 16 105 3 17 106 5 18 102 2 19 105 4 103 2 034 2 102 5 3 1042 4 105 11 5 104 6 1063 7102 7 13 8 105 9 106 10 104 3 20