Using Table 1.6, write a structural formula for each of the following:
a. An alcohol, C3H8O
b. An ether, C4H10O
c. An aldehyde, C3H6O
d. A ketone, C3H6O
e. A carboxylic acid, C3H6O2
f. An ester, C5H10O2
Table 1.6
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Table 1.6 The Main Functional Groups Class of compound example Specific Common name of the specific example Structure A. Functional groups that are a part of the molecular framework alkane CH3-CH3 CH-CH2 HC CH ethane, a component of natural gas C-C- alkene ethylene, used to make polyethylene acetylene, used in welding alkyne benzene, raw material for polystyrene and arene B. Functional groups containing oxygen 1. With carbon-oxygen single bonds CH CH20H ethyl alcohol, found in beer, wines, and liquors alcohol ether CH CH2OCH2CH3 diethyl ether, once a mon anesthetic C- 2. With carbon-oxygen-H double bonds aldehyde CH- formaldehyde, used to preserve biological specimens 0 0 ketone acetone, a solvent for varnish and rubber cement CH:CCH3 0 3. With single and double carbon-oxygen bonds carboxylic CHC-OH aci acetic acid, a component of vinegar 0 -0 ester CH-OCH CH ethyl acetate, a solvent for nail polish and model airplane glue C. Functional groups containing nitrogen primaryCH CH2NH2 ethylamine, smells like amine mmonia nitrile CH2 CH-CN acrylonitrile, raw material for making Orlon 0 0 D. Functional group withC-NH oxygen and nitrogen primary amide formamide, a softener for paper E. Functional group with X halogen alkyl or ary halide methyl chloride refrigerant and local anesthetic CH2C F Functional groups containing s thiol (also CH SH called mercaptan) methanethiol, has the odor of rotten cabbage thioether (CH2-CHCH2)2S diallyl sulfide, has also called sulfide) the odor of garlic