You push two identical bricks across a tabletop with constant speed, v, as shown in FIGURE 6-29.
Question:
(a) Is the force of kinetic friction in case 1 greater than, less than, or equal to the force of kinetic friction in case 2?
(b) Choose the best explanation from among the following:
I. The normal force in case 2 is larger, and hence the bricks press down more firmly against the tabletop.
II. The normal force is the same in the two cases, and friction is independent of surface area.
III. Case 1 has more surface area in contact with the tabletop, and this leads to more friction.
Case 1 Case 2
Step by Step Answer:
Use the mathematical relationship between the force of kinetic friction and the norm...View the full answer
Related Video
Static friction and kinetic friction are two types of friction that occur when two objects are in contact with each other. Static friction is the force that must be overcome to initiate motion between two surfaces that are in contact with each other but are not moving relative to each other. It is caused by the interlocking of rough surfaces at the microscopic level, and it increases as the force pushing the surfaces together increases. Once motion between the surfaces starts, the static friction is no longer present. Kinetic friction, also known as sliding friction, is the force that opposes the motion of two surfaces that are in contact with each other and are moving relative to each other. It is caused by the rubbing of the surfaces against each other and the resistance of the molecules in the surfaces to being moved. Kinetic friction is generally less than static friction, but it can still be a significant force, especially at high speeds. Both static and kinetic friction can be quantified using a coefficient of friction, which is a dimensionless number that represents the ratio of the frictional force between two surfaces to the normal force (the force perpendicular to the surfaces). The coefficient of static friction is typically greater than the coefficient of kinetic friction for a given pair of surfaces, because it takes more force to overcome the interlocking of the surfaces at rest than to maintain motion once it has started.
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